Mai tsabtace iska don covid-19 (Takarda Filter HEPA)

1.Fasaha tace HEPA
HEPA (High efficiency particulate iska tace), wato, high dace iska tace, HEPA da aka halin da iska iya wuce, amma lafiya barbashi ba zai iya wucewa. Tsarin matakinsa mafi girma zai iya rage yawan barbashi zuwa sau miliyan 1 na iska na cikin gida na yau da kullun.

Hoto 1 Ka'idar tsarkakewar iska ta HEPA

Matsayin tacewa ya dogara da girman ɓangarorin tacewa da ingancin tacewa. Wasu lokuta masu mahimmanci suna buƙatar mafi girman matakin tsarin tacewa, kamar ɗakunan aikin likita, masana'antun masana'antu na semiconductor, da dai sauransu. Amma ga mafi yawan al'amuran, matsakaici da matsayi mai mahimmanci na iya yin la'akari da ma'auni na daidaitattun tsaka-tsaki da iska. Bayan bincike, mun zabi HEPA13 masu tacewa (matakin tacewa sun haɗa da maki tace: H11-H14, U15, U16 (EN1822)) don tsarkake iska a aikace-aikacen jama'a.

2. Menene tasirin hasken ultraviolet akan ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta?
Hasken rana ya ƙunshi haske na tsawon tsayi daban-daban, kama daga infrared (zafi) zuwa haske mai gani zuwa ultraviolet (ƙona rana). Nazarin gwaji ya daɗe ya nuna cewa hasken ultraviolet zai iya lalata ƙwayoyin cuta masu yaduwa yadda ya kamata. Musamman, haskoki na ultraviolet sun kasu kashi uku, kuma ƙananan raƙuman ruwa, mafi girma da makamashi. UV-A na iya haifar da tanning fata, kuma bayan lokaci, zai hanzarta lalata fata da tsufa. Ultraviolet-B na iya haifar da kunar rana, amma kuma ya zama dole ga ɗan adam na roba don samar da bitamin D. Ultraviolet-C shine mafi girman makamashin ultraviolet, wanda sararin samaniyar ozone ke tacewa. Idan babu Layer ozone, muna buƙatar zama a cikin gida. Yana da illa ga duk rayuwar da aka fallasa ga band ultraviolet-C.

Ƙungiyar ultraviolet-C na iya lalata DNA da RNA a matakin kwayoyin. Tasirin yana da mahimmanci a tsayin ultraviolet kusa da 250nm. Don haka, za a iya amfani da band ɗin ultraviolet-C don yaɗa ƙwayar cutar don kashe ko hana ƙwayar cuta daga maimaitawa da hana yaduwar cutar.

Hoto 2 Hasken ultraviolet yana canza tsarin DNA/RNA (Madogararsa: NASA)

Lokacin da tururin mercury ke jin daɗin wutar lantarki, yana fitar da hasken ultraviolet 253.7nm. An yi amfani da wannan don fitilun fitilu na dogon lokaci. Wannan fitowar za ta sa murfin phosphor a cikin mashaya haske ya yi haske, ta yadda za a canza hasken ultraviolet zuwa haske mai gani, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don haskakawa. Rufin da ke sha UV zai iya hana duk wani ɓoyayyen radiation. Fitilolin UV-C na tushen Mercury suna amfani da ƙa'ida ɗaya daidai, amma maimakon phosphor, suna amfani da gilashin da ba ya sha UV, wanda ke ba da damar sakin UV-C. Ɗaya daga cikin lahani na fitilun mercury shine suma suna fitarwa a 185nm, wanda zai samar da ozone, nau'i mai siffar oxygen. Ko da yake yana kare mu daga haskoki na ultraviolet a tsayi mai tsayi kuma yana aiki azaman fungicide a wasu aikace-aikace, ozone kuma yana da ban haushi da gurɓatawar numfashi. Sabili da haka, yawancin kwararan fitila UV-C ana kula da su don ɗaukar hayaƙin 185nm. Hakanan ana iya haifar da haskoki na ultraviolet ta diodes masu fitar da haske (LEDs), kuma ingancinsu da rayuwarsu suna ci gaba da inganta.